If our divorce was dismissed due to not showing up for court date, can my wife still come after me for expenses prior to those she asked for in the origional divorce?

If neither of you showed up, then it is doubtful either of you can collect expenses from the other.  If you brought the action for divorce and she showed up but you did not, then she may very well be able to collect her expenses for responding to the complaint you brought against her and then did not bother to show up for.