I was sued by a credit card company and have no job or major possessions for them to garnish, can they put me in jail for non-payment?

No, they can't, unless you committed fraud (see below). People cannot be imprisoned for failure to pay debts, though note that if you are sued and they get a judgement, they can execute it against you in the future, if/when you have assets.

If at the time you incurred the debts, you had no intention of repaying, that would be fraud, and fraud is a crime. That's the one situation where, if the they think you deliberately committed fraud and you are reported to the authorities, yoiu *might* do jail time or suffer some other criminal penalty.