Can I stop unemployment from taking my whole check to pay a debt with the state?

You might be able to stop unemployment from taking your only source of income to pay say tax debts and the like but you will need to really meet with a counselor at unemployment, sit down and show your hardship and see if you qualify for any other services or income and if this can be placed in some sort of forbearance for another year or two until you get back on your feet. Otherwise, if there is a judgment and the statement has been ordered to garnish, there may only be the route of the court system for you to go and plead that the payments stop for a bit.